MIL-HDBK-1390
cycle, support alternatives should only be developed to the level required to analyze differences and conduct
tradeoffs. More detail can be developed after tradeoffs are made and the range of alternatives is narrowed. Analysis
of support alternatives is an inherent feature of LORA models used in the evaluation and tradeoff process.
5.5.2 Evaluation performance, assessment, and documentation (Activity 5). Optimum benefits are realized
when LORA is conducted considering cost, schedule, performance, and supportability before the system design is
finalized. The magnitude, scope, and level of detail of the LORA will depend upon both the acquisition phase and
the system/equipment complexity. As development of the system/equipment progresses and the input data become
more reliable, LORAs are progressively updated.
5.5.2.1 Economic LORA evaluation (Activity 5.1). The economic evaluations of the support alternatives
identified are conducted to establish the maintenance concept which is most cost effective. These evaluations are
conducted by analyzing different support alternative concepts relating to design, operation, and product support
resource factors. The economic LORA evaluation is based on cost and performance factors and usually involves
employing a LORA model to compute the life cycle logistics cost associated with the support alternative under
consideration. The life cycle logistics costs developed as part of the LORA is a projection of the input data and
typically does not take into consideration the total cost of supporting the system. Thus, a LORA should not be the
only method/tool used to develop the total support cost projection for a system. The algorithms used to conduct
economic LORA and sensitivity evaluations are also used to establish a baseline maintenance concept and in
performance of the sensitivity evaluations.
5.5.2.2 Noneconomic LORA evaluation (Activity 5.2). This activity uses the data identified for noneconomic
LORA evaluations (Activity 4.2) to determine the maintenance levels affected or restricted. This activity also
determines if the support alternatives are limited and explains the rationale for the restrictions or limitations.
Noneconomic LORA evaluations are undertaken to evaluate constraints, preemptive, and intangible factors which
affect or restrict the maintenance level at which items are repaired or discarded. The noneconomic evaluation
addresses and considers factors such as: constraints of the existing logistics support structure; safety; environmental
impacts; deployment mobility; technical feasibility of repair; security; special transportability factors; human
factors; vulnerability; training requirements; facilities; and survivability. The key focus during the noneconomic
evaluation is to eliminate support alternatives that are not practical or feasible. Once all infeasible maintenance
alternatives have been identified and eliminated from consideration, the analyst can then perform an economic
evaluation to determine the most cost effective support alternatives.
5.5.2.3 LORA sensitivity evaluation (Activity 5.3). Sensitivity evaluations are conducted to assess the impact
on the baseline maintenance concept. The results, including the rationale for selection and rejection of alternatives,
assumptions, and risks involved should be documented for subsequent iterations. This sensitivity evaluation is an
extension of the economic LORA evaluation. The sensitivity evaluation identifies and analyzes critical logistic
support and performance parameters. A sensitivity evaluation consists of identifying the specific LORA model data
elements which are not well defined possibly due to uncertainty of design and program characteristics, establishing a
numerical range which the data element is expected to fall within, analyzing the impact and effects the numerical
range has on the logistic costs and maintenance concept, and confirming or changing the recommended maintenance
concept based on the economic LORA evaluation. By conducting sensitivity evaluations, the requiring authority is
able to quantify the economic risks in making LORA decisions when uncertainty exists in hardware design and
program characteristics.
5.5.2.4 LORA reports (Activities 5.4 and 5.5). The LORA report should be periodically updated to reflect the
current status of the program. The following list is to be used for guidance on submission of formal LORA reports.
Fewer reports may be required when a program's acquisition strategy is shortened. The LORA report includes
summary of results of the LORA evaluations, assumptions made, conclusions, and recommendations. The content
and frequency of the LORA reports being generated should be tailored to fit the goals and objectives of the specific
program under analysis.
a. The LORA process should be initiated during the early stages of the TMRR phase to influence design,
maintenance, and supportability of the system/equipment. The exception would be a selectively
applicable LORA in the MSA phase to establish general preliminary maintenance concepts. The MSA
LORA report serves to break down the conceptual system into potential maintenance significant items for
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